The discovery of vascular endothelial-derived growth factor (VEGF) has revolutionized our
understanding of vasculogenesis and angiogenesis during development and physiological …

Cholesterol homeostasis is essential in normal physiology of all cells. One of several
proteins involved in cholesterol homeostasis is the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 …

Oxidative stress has a critical role in the pathogenesis of Age-related Macular Degeneration
(AMD), a multifactorial disease that includes age, gene variants of complement regulatory …

Pathological angiogenesis in the eye is an important feature in the pathophysiology of many
vision-threatening diseases, including retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, and …

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a leading cause of modifiable vision loss
in older adults. Chronic oxidative injury and compromised antioxidant defenses represent …

Roughly ten years ago the FDA approved most of the presently used anti-VEGF drugs for the
treatment of neovascular AMD and other eye pathologies characterized by ocular …

Macrophage dysfunction plays a pivotal role during neovascular proliferation in diseases of
ageing including cancers, atherosclerosis and blinding eye disease. In the eye, choroidal …

Calreticulin is a highly conserved endoplasmic reticulum chaperone protein which
participates in various cellular processes. It was first identified as a Ca2+‐binding protein in …

Importance Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains the leading cause of
blindness in developed countries, and affects more than 150 million worldwide. Despite …

Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles of 30–150 nm, are shed by almost all cell types.
Bearing proteins, lipids, RNAs, and DNAs, exosomes have emerged as vital biological …