Microorganisms within the gut and other niches may contribute to carcinogenesis, as well as
shaping cancer immunosurveillance and response to immunotherapy. Our understanding of …

Immunotherapy has revolutionized colon cancer treatment. Immune checkpoint inhibitors
(ICIs) have shown clinical benefits for colon cancer patients, especially those with high …

Although cancer immunotherapy has taken center stage in mainstream oncology inducing
complete and long-lasting tumor regression, only a subset of patients receiving treatment …

Probiotics and synbiotics are used to treat chronic illnesses due to their roles in immune
system modulation and anti-inflammatory response. They have been shown to reduce …

The immune system plays a key role in cancer suppression. Immunotherapy is widely used
as a treatment method in patients with various types of cancer. Immune checkpoint blockade …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and deadly disease. Unfortunately, immune
checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) fail to elicit effective anti-tumour responses in the vast majority of …

The gut microbiota composition and dietary factors in our food along with the use of
prebiotics and probiotics play an important role in the maintenance of human health. A well …

The human microbiome encodes more than three million genes, outnumbering human
genes by more than 100 times, while microbial cells in the human microbiota outnumber …

The sex steroid hormone estrogen plays a number of regulatory roles in female
development. During menopause, estrogen synthesis in the ovaries decreases, which …

The human gastrointestinal (GI) tract harbors gut microbiome, which plays a crucial role in
preserving homeostasis at the intestinal host‐microbial interface. Conversely, specific gut …