Myopia, also known as short-sightedness or near-sightedness, is a very common condition
that typically starts in childhood. Severe forms of myopia (pathologic myopia) are associated …

There is an epidemic of myopia in East and Southeast Asia, with the prevalence of myopia in
young adults around 80–90%, and an accompanying high prevalence of high myopia in …

The results of many studies in a variety of species have significantly advanced our
understanding of the role of visual experience and the mechanisms of postnatal eye growth …

Glaucoma, a disease characterized by progressive optic nerve degeneration, can be
prevented through timely diagnosis and treatment. We characterize optic nerve photographs …

Refractive errors, in particular myopia, are a leading cause of morbidity and disability
worldwide. Genetic investigation can improve understanding of the molecular mechanisms …

More than 90% of common variants associated with complex traits do not affect proteins
directly, but instead the circuits that control gene expression. This has increased the urgency …

Myopia occurs in more than 50% of the population in many industrialized countries and is
expected to increase; complications associated with axial elongation from myopia are the …

Pathologic myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. Pathologic myopia is
distinctly different from high myopia. High myopia is a high degree of myopic refractive error …

Complications from pathologic myopia are a major cause of visual impairment and
blindness, especially in east Asia. The eyes with pathologic myopia may develop loss of the …

Purpose To investigate whether myopia is becoming more common across Europe and
explore whether increasing education levels, an important environmental risk factor for …