Rock rheology and density have first‐order effects on the lithosphere's response to plate
tectonic forces at plate boundaries. Changes in these rock properties are controlled by …

Inclusions in minerals, whether fluids, melts or crystalline phases, are small pieces of the
large-scale puzzle of Nature, time-consuming to investigate and often of difficult …

Earthquakes in the continental crust commonly occur in the upper 15 to 20 km. Recent
studies demonstrate that earthquakes also occur in the lower crust of collision zones and …

Seismological fracture or breakdown energy represents energy expended in a volume
surrounding the advancing rupture front and the slipping fault surface. Estimates are …

Metamorphism of dry, lower crust within orogens is often localized in shear zones composed
of mechanically weaker rocks,,–. Several field-based studies suggest shear zone …

Earthquake rupture in strong, anhydrous lower continental crust requires high brittle failure
stresses unless high pore fluid pressures are present. Several mechanisms proposed to …

The energy released during an earthquake is mostly dissipated in the fault zone and
subordinately as radiated seismic waves. The on-fault energy budget is partitioned into …

Garnet is a high-strength mineral stable across a wide range of pressure and temperature
conditions and preserves structures that can consequently be used to understand the …

Strings of recrystallized grains along cleavage planes in host quartz crystals within
pseudotachylyte-bearing breccias from the Silvretta basal thrust, Central European Alps …

The mechanisms of earthquake rupture in lower continental crust, below the usual frictional‐
viscous transition, remain uncertain. In addressing this problem, the study of …