Changes in the composition of gut-associated microbial communities are associated with
many human illnesses, but the factors driving dysbiosis remain incompletely understood …

The etiology of endemic rickets was discovered a century ago. Vitamin D is the precursor of
25-hydroxyvitamin D and other metabolites, including 1, 25 (OH) 2D, the ligand for the …

The classical functions of vitamin D are to regulate calcium-phosphorus homeostasis and
control bone metabolism. However, vitamin D deficiency has been reported in several …

1, 25-Dihydroxvitamin D3 [1, 25 (OH) 2D3] is the hormonally active form of vitamin D. The
genomic mechanism of 1, 25 (OH) 2D3 action involves the direct binding of the 1, 25 (OH) …

Recent findings point toward diet having a major impact on human health. Diets can either
affect the gut microbiota resulting in alterations in the host's physiological responses or by …

Bile acids are a group of chemically different steroids generated at the host/microbial
interface. Indeed, while primary bile acids are the end-product of cholesterol breakdown in …

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease, are
chronic inflammatory disorders of the gastrointestinal tract most often diagnosed in …

Vitamin D (VitD) is a prohormone most noted for the regulation of calcium and phosphate
levels in circulation, and thus of bone metabolism. Inflammatory and immune cells not only …

Vitamin D has been reported to influence physiological systems that extend far beyond its
established functions in calcium and bone homeostasis. Prominent amongst these are the …

Bile acids are cholesterol-derived surfactants that circulate actively between the liver and
ileum and that are classically recognized for emulsifying dietary lipids to facilitate absorption …