The paper proposes a framework for measuring and testing the causal effects of a set of
entrepreneurial ecosystems factors (eco-factors) on productive entrepreneurship (eco …

This paper reviews the evidence on financing technology-based small firms (TBSFs) in
Europe. European TBSFs finance new investments by relying primarily on internal funds …

This Article examines what we term" regulatory entrepreneurship"-pursuing a line of
business in which changing the law is a significant part of the business plan. Regulatory …

Drawing on institutional theory, we examine how the institutional logics—taken-for granted
norms, structures, and practices—of different types of funding partners influence young firms …

The world's largest companies in 2019 by market capitalization-Apple, Alphabet, Microsoft,
and Amazon-all began as venture-backed startups.'They defied existing theory by growing …

Small businesses, especially startups, have a difficult time raising money. The usual sources
of business financebank lending, venture capital, retained earnings-are difficult to obtain for …

Evidence on the “funding gap” for investment innovation is surveyed. The focus is on
financial market reasons for underinvestment that exist even when externality-induced …

Using a panel of US metropolitan areas, we find that increases in the supply of venture
capital positively affect firm starts, employment, and aggregate income. Our results remain …

In recent years, scholars and policymakers have rediscovered the concept of industrial
districts-spatial concentrations offirms in the same industry or related industries. In this …

Our study addresses a popular question in entrepreneurship research—to what extent does
the quality of a region's entrepreneurial ecosystem matter for venture survival? To tackle this …