Evidence from epidemiological, clinical, and biological research resulted in the immune
hypothesis: the hypothesis that immune system dysfunction is involved in the …

Chemokines are known to be immunoregulatory proteins involved not only in lymphocyte
chemotaxis to the site of inflammation, but also in neuromodulation, neurogenesis, and …

The intricate relationship between immune dysregulation and neurodevelopmental
disorders (NDDs) has been observed across the stages of both prenatal and postnatal …

Background Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a chronic and severe mental illness with no cure so far.
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a genetic method widely used to explore etiologies of …

C-reactive protein (CRP) and inflammatory ratios have been proposed to study immune
dysregulation in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, links between CRP and inflammatory ratios in …

The cell-free DNA (cfDNA) levels are known to increase in biological fluids in various
pathological conditions. However, the data on circulating cfDNA in severe psychiatric …

Immune activation plays a major role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, as confirmed by
many studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. The important role of …

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is an articulated psychiatric syndrome characterized by a combination
of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Our intention is to present a pathogenetic …

Background Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar affective disorder are
debilitating psychiatric conditions characterized by a chronic pattern of emotional …

Schizophrenia is a severe neuropsychiatric disorder affecting about 1% of individuals
worldwide. Increased innate immune activation and neuronal apoptosis are common …