Plant genetic resources (PGRs) are the total hereditary material, which includes all the
alleles of various genes, present in a crop species and its wild relatives. They are a major …

A rich body of knowledge links biodiversity to ecosystem functioning (BEF), but it is primarily
focused on small scales. We review the current theory and identify six expectations for scale …

Microbes drive most ecosystems and are modulated by viruses that impact their lifespan,
gene flow, and metabolic outputs. However, ecosystem-level impacts of viral community …

BACKGROUND The extent of urban areas is increasing around the world, and most humans
now live in cities. Urbanization results in dramatic environmental change, including …

Ecological research conducted over the past five decades has shown that increasing tree
species richness at forest stands can improve tree resistance to insect pest damage …

Metacommunity ecology links smaller-scale processes that have been the provenance of
population and community ecology—such as birth-death processes, species interactions …

Vast global declines of freshwater and marine fish diversity and population abundance pose
serious threats to both ecosystem sustainability and human livelihoods. Environmental DNA …

A plethora of different theories, models, and concepts make up the field of community
ecology. Amid this vast body of work, is it possible to build one general theory of ecological …

Cities are both embedded within and ecologically linked to their surrounding landscapes.
Although urbanization poses a substantial threat to biodiversity, cities also support many …

Recent studies have shown that accounting for intraspecific trait variation (ITV) may better
address major questions in community ecology. However, a general picture of the relative …