Abstract (R, S)-ketamine (ketamine) and its enantiomer (S)-ketamine (esketamine) can
produce rapid and substantial antidepressant effects. However, individual response to …

Background Racemic ketamine and esketamine have demonstrated rapid antidepressant
effects. We aimed to review the efficacy and safety of racemic and esketamine for …

A subset of patients with depression have elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and
some studies demonstrate interaction between inflammatory factors and treatment outcome …

Current pharmacotherapies for major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar depression
(BDep) have a distinct lag of onset that can generate great distress and impairment in …

Shank3, a key molecule related to the development and deterioration of autism, has recently
been found to downregulate in the murine brain after ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). Despite this …

Major depressive disorder is a complex multifactorial condition with a so far poorly
characterized underlying pathophysiology. Consequently, the available treatments are far …

Increasing evidence has demonstrated that inflammatory cytokines play an important role in
major depressive disorder (MDD) and are associated with treatment outcomes. Few studies …

Aim This study aimed to determine whether circular RNA (circRNA) molecules in peripheral
blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) could be used as novel non-invasive biomarkers for …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is the sixth leading cause of disability in the world according to the
World Health Organization and affects nearly six million (∼ 2.5% of the population) adults in …

Abstract Purpose of Review Poor treatment response is a hallmark of major depressive
disorder. To tackle this problem, recent neuroimaging studies have sought to characterize …