Precise control on inclusions is of great importance for improving steel quality. In secondary
refining, three types of inclusion are generally observed in Al-killed steel: Al 2 O 3, MgO· Al 2 …

TiO 2 is a sintering additive that can significantly improve the sintering and mechanical
properties of Cr 2 O 3–Al 2 O 3 refractory materials with high Cr 2 O 3 contents. In this study …

To determine the effect of the CaO/Al2O3 ratio on desulphurization and inclusion evolution
in low-density steel, a series of laboratory-scale experiments are performed. The results …

In the current study, the wettability between three types of Al 2 O 3–MgO refractories and the
304 stainless steel with and without cerium was investigated using a sessile drop method …

AerMet100 steel has strict composition and inclusion requirements. Therefore, its reaction
with MgO refractory during vacuum induction melting cannot be ignored. In this study, the …

Abstract MgOĚAl2O3 spinel particles adhered to MgO refractory become a source of
inclusions in stainless steel during the aluminum deoxidation process. In contrast, the …

The microporous magnesia refractory shows a promising application prospect as tundish
lining due to excellent thermal insulation and slag resistance. The effect of interaction …

Dolomite refractories are widely used in the refining process of clean steel and are
considered potential sources of Mg and Ca that form MgO· Al 2 O 3 spinel and CaO …

The current research, the degradation mechanism of MgO–MgAl 2 O 4 dual-phase crucibles
in contact with steel SCr420H with Si–Mn, Al, and Ce–Al deoxidation was investigated using …

Ce and Mg elements are vulnerable to burn off during the electro-slag remelting (ESR)
process. To address this challenge, eight CaF2-based ESR slags with varying Ce2O3, MgO …