Poultry infection with avian influenza viruses (AIV) is a continuous source of concern for
poultry production and human health. Uncontrolled infection and transmission of AIV in …

The mRNA vaccines from Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna were granted emergency approval
in record time in the history of vaccinology and played an instrumental role in limiting the …

Chitosan nanoparticles (CNPs) represent an efficient vaccination tool to deliver
immunogenic antigens to the antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which subsequently stimulate …

Highlights•The M2 ectodomain adopts multiple conformations.•M2e vaccines are highly
immunogenic in humans.•Anti-M2e antibodies can most likely control influenza infection in …

Current poultry vaccines against influenza A viruses target the globular head region of the
hemagglutinin (HA1), providing limited protection against antigenically divergent strains …

Although Chlamydia has been frequently detected in the gastrointestinal tracts of both
humans and animals, it is not associated with any gastrointestinal pathology. We have …

Vaccination is essential for maintaining animal health, with priority placed on safety and cost
effectiveness in veterinary use. The development of recombinant live-attenuated Salmonella …

The microneme adhesive repeats (MAR) of Eimeria tenella microneme protein 3 (EtMIC3)
are associated with binding to and invasion of host cells. Adhesion and invasion-related …

Microbial products are essential for developing various therapeutic agents, including
antibiotics, anticancer drugs, vaccines, and therapeutic enzymes. Genetic engineering …

Fowl typhoid (FT), a septicemic disease caused by Salmonella Gallinarum (SG), and H9N2
influenza infection are two economically important diseases that affect poultry industry …