The COVID‐19 pandemic presented a chance to investigate the effects of system‐wide
emergencies on major global commodities such as water and energy. In terms of …

By the end of 2022, the nationwide incidence of stunting remained high, including in
Lampung Province, where it was 15.8%, above the target of 14% to be achieved by 2024 …

Viral outbreaks have become an alarming threat to human health as a result of current
trends in migration, urbanization, and international travel (Stoler et al., 2020). 2020 started …

Background: Open defecation remains a public health problem in Indonesia, contributing to
various diseases such as diarrheal diseases within communities. Open defecation can be …

Open defecation is a condition where a person defecates in an open place which can cause
environmental pollution and trigger many diseases such as diarrhea and cholera. In …

Kepemilikan jamban sehat di Indonesia masih rendah. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh
pengetahuan, sikap dan perilaku yang kurang mendukung. Kepemilikan jamban sehat di …

Introduction There has been extensive research conducted on open defecation in Ethiopia,
but a notable gap persists in comprehensively understanding the spatial variation and …

The implementation of sanitation clinics at the Palapa Health Center has not been carried
out optimally which is one of the causes of the environmental-based disease rate being the …

An area is categorized as Open Defecation Free (ODF) when the community has carried out
total sanitation practices and does not defecate openly. In Indonesia, more than 58 million …

Proper sanitation will ensure the community is healthy and reduce most infectious diseases'
transmission, especially water-borne diseases. Open defecation has a significant effect on …