Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D)< 50 nmol/L or 20 ng/mL) is
common in Europe and the Middle East. It occurs in< 20% of the population in Northern …

Background Evidence recommends that vitamin D might be a crucial supportive agent for
the immune system, mainly in cytokine response regulation against COVID‐19. Hence, we …

Vitamin D status varies across all continents and countries. Vitamin D status usually is
adequate in Latin America and Australia, but in contrast it is very low in the Middle East and …

Abstract Purpose The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region registers some of the
lowest serum 25‑hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] concentrations, worldwide. We describe the …

Dental caries and vitamin D inadequacy are known to affect children worldwide. Vitamin D
has a vital role in tooth formation. There is growing evidence linking suboptimal serum …

Background Vitamin D deficiency is common in the Middle East and in Saudi Arabia, in
particular. While several international recommendations on the management of vitamin D …

Objective: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in children are global public health
problems. However, few studies have focused on vitamin D status in healthy preschool …

Background There is growing evidence that vitamin D is related to the development of a
variety of diseases. The current study was performed to investigate the status of serum …

Aim This study aimed to assess the prevalence of VDD in Saudi Arabia, revealing the
lifestyle and nutritional habits; and assesses the association between VDD, Diabetes …

Early childhood is a critical stage for the foundation and development of the gut microbiome,
large amounts of essential nutrients are required such as vitamin D. Vitamin D plays an …