Complex hand gesture interactions among dynamic sign words may lead to
misclassification, which affects the recognition accuracy of the ubiquitous sign language …

This paper provides a benchmark of the performance of 23 classical and state-of-the-art
background subtraction (BS) algorithms on visible range and near infrared range videos in …

The interaction between groundwater and surface water, including their recharge
relationship and ratio, is crucial for water cycling, management, and pollution control …

Background estimation in video consists in extracting a foreground-free image from a set of
training frames. Moving and stationary objects may affect the background visibility, thus …

Initialization of background model also known as foreground-free image against outliers or
noise is a very important task for various computer vision applications. Tensor deomposition …

Detecting moving objects in a scene is a fundamental and critical step for many high-level
computer vision tasks. However, background subtraction modeling is still an open and …

The rapid development in the field of computer vision has encouraged researchers to
develop vision systems for moving object detection in embedded surveillance applications …

Background subtraction is a prerequisite for a wide range of applications, including video
surveillance systems. A significant number of algorithms are often developed and published …

Background subtraction is a fundamental and crucial task for computer vision-based
automatic video analysis due to various challenging situations that occur in real-world …