Tuberculosis (TB), one of the oldest known human diseases. is still is one of the major
causes of mortality, since two million people die each year from this malady. TB has many …

Life evolved in an anaerobic world; therefore, fundamental enzymatic mechanisms and
biochemical pathways were refined and integrated into metabolism in the absence of any …

▪ Abstract Promoter recognition in eubacteria is carried out by the initiation factor sigma,
which binds RNA polymerase and initiates transcription. Cells have one housekeeping …

Bacterial sigma (σ) factors are an essential component of RNA polymerase and determine
promoter selectivity. The substitution of one σ factor for another can redirect some or all of …

Escherichia coli is generally resistant to H2O2, with> 75% of cells surviving a 3-min
challenge with 2.5 mM H2O2. However, when cells were cultured with poor sulfur sources …

The ability of a bacterial cell to monitor and adaptively respond to its environment is crucial
for survival. After one‐and two‐component systems, extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ …

Bacteria live in a toxic world in which their competitors excrete hydrogen peroxide or
superoxide-generating redox-cycling compounds. They protect themselves by activating …

Redox reactions pervade living cells. They are central to both anabolic and catabolic
metabolism. The ability to maintain redox balance is therefore vital to all organisms. Various …

Well-characterized promoters are essential tools for metabolic engineering and synthetic
biology. In Streptomyces coelicolor, the native kasO p is a temporally expressed promoter …

SUMMARY Mycothiol (MSH; AcCys-GlcN-Ins) is the major thiol found in Actinobacteria and
has many of the functions of glutathione, which is the dominant thiol in other bacteria and …