This review encompasses the most important advances in liver functions and hepatotoxicity
and analyzes which mechanisms can be studied in vitro. In a complex architecture of nested …

The interindividual genetic variations in drug metabolizing enzymes and transporters
influence the efficacy and toxicity of numerous drugs. As a fundamental element in precision …

Bile acid (BA) transporters are critical for maintenance of the enterohepatic BA circulation
where BAs exert their multiple physiological functions including stimulation of bile flow …

ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1; P-glycoprotein; multidrug resistance protein 1)
is an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent efflux transporter located in the plasma …

The International Transporter Consortium (ITC) has recently described seven transporters of
particular relevance to drug development. Based on the second ITC transporter workshop in …

The purpose of the present study was to determine the absolute protein expression levels of
multiple drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in 17 human liver biopsies, and to …

Recent progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of bile formation and
cholestasis have led to new insights into the pathogenesis of drug‐induced cholestasis. This …

Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare disorder that is not related directly to
dosage and little is known about individuals who are at increased risk. There are no suitable …

Despite advances in biomedicine, the incidence and the mortality of hepatocellular
carcinoma (HCC) remain high. The majority of HCC cases are diagnosed in later stages …

Bile formation is an important function of the liver. Bile salts are a major constituent of bile
and are secreted by hepatocytes into bile and delivered into the small intestine, where they …