Upon infection, mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and
nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), are recognized by host innate immune cells, triggering …

Macrophages function as tissue-immune sentinels and mediate key antimicrobial responses
against bacterial pathogens. Yet, they can also act as a cellular niche for intracellular …

Background Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen (Mtb-Ag) is a polypeptide component with
a molecular weight of 10-14 kDa that is obtained from the supernatant of the H37Ra strain …

To clarify the predominance of Th1 or Th2 immune responses in malignant and tuberculous
pleural effusion (MPE and TPE, respectively), we performed a meta-analysis of previously …

Science has been taking profit from animal models since the first translational experiments
back in ancient Greece. From there, and across all history, several remarkable findings have …

Understanding the role of B cells in tuberculosis (TB) is crucial for developing new TB
vaccines. However, the changes in B cell immune landscapes during TB and their functional …

Type 1 CD4+ T helper (Th1) cells mediate resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb),
and Th2 immunity generates specific immunoglobulin E upon allergen exposure. We …

In tuberculosis, T cell-mediated immunity is extensively studied whilst B cells received
limited attention in human and mice. Of interest, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) does …

Tools to evaluate and accelerate tuberculosis (TB) vaccine development are needed to
advance global TB control strategies. Validated human infection studies for TB have the …

Several factors are associated with the development of different clinical forms of tuberculosis
(TB). The present study evaluated epidemiological variables and cytokine levels in samples …