Investigators have increasingly turned to studying the retina as a window into brain structure
and function. In neuropsychiatric diseases, retinal anatomy as assessed by optical …

Diagnosis and monitoring of psychiatric disorders rely heavily on subjective self-reports of
clinical symptoms, which are complicated by the varying consistency of accounts reported by …

Background Volume reductions in brain structures of patients with schizophrenia spectrum
disorder (SSD) have repeatedly been found in voxel-based morphometry MRI studies …

Objectives Due to the common neurodevelopmental origin and easy accessibility, the retina
serves as a surrogate marker for changes in the brain. Hence, Optical Coherence …

Purpose: To evaluate visual and retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder. To
analyze the correlation between structural changes and visual function parameters …

Purpose To evaluate the ability of swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) to
detect retinal changes in patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Methods Twenty-three patients …

Importance Whether neurodegeneration contributes to the early pathobiology of late-life
depression remains incompletely understood. Objective To investigate whether lower retinal …

Aim Evidence suggests microvascular dysfunction (wider retinal venules and narrower
arterioles) in schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). The vascular development is …

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the ocular and hemodynamic factors
contributing to the central visual function in glaucoma patients with myopia. Methods: This …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects people worldwide. MDD treatments include
antidepressants, which involve a delayed onset of action, long-term treatment, side effects …