Dopamine is a prototypical neuromodulator that controls circuit function through G protein-
coupled receptor signalling. Neuromodulators are volume transmitters, with release followed …

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease and yet the
early pathophysiological events of the condition and sequences of dysfunction remain …

Neuroscience research has exploded, with more than fifty thousand neuroscientists applying
increasingly advanced methods. A mountain of new facts and mechanisms has emerged …

Dopamine is well recognized as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and regulates critical
functions in a variety of peripheral systems. Growing research has also shown that …

Striatal dopamine encodes reward, with recent work showing that dopamine release occurs
in spatiotemporal waves. However, the mechanism of dopamine waves is unknown. Here …

The striatum integrates information from multiple brain regions to shape motor learning. The
two major projection cell types in striatum target different downstream basal ganglia targets …

Activation likelihood estimation (ALE) meta-analyses were used to examine the neural
correlates of prediction error in reinforcement learning. The findings are interpreted in the …

A plethora of studies indicate that iron metabolism is dysregulated in Parkinson's disease
(PD). The literature reveals well-documented alterations consistent with established dogma …

Dopamine shapes a wide variety of psychomotor functions. This is mainly accomplished by
modulating cortical and thalamic glutamatergic signals impinging upon principal medium …

The fundamental principle that unites addictive drugs appears to be that each enhances
synaptic dopamine by means that dissociate it from normal behavioral control, so that they …