Since the industrial revolution, the rapid growth and development of global industries have
depended largely upon the utilization of coal-derived chemicals, and more recently, the …

Lignocellulose biorefinery encompasses process engineering and biotechnology tools for
the processing of lignocellulosic biomass for the manufacturing of bio-based products (such …

Lactic acid is an organic compound produced via fermentation by different microorganisms
that are able to use different carbohydrate sources. Lactic acid bacteria are the main …

Over the past century, Escherichia coli has become one of the best studied organisms on
earth. Features such as genetic tractability, favorable growth conditions, well characterized …

The demand for petroleum has been rising rapidly due to increasing industrialization and
modernization. This economic development has led to a huge demand for energy, most of …

Fermentative production of optically pure lactic acid has roused interest among researchers
in recent years due to its high potential for applications in a wide range of fields. More …

Bioconversion of renewable lignocellulosic biomass to biofuel and value added products
are globally gaining significant prominence. Market forces demonstrate a drive towards …

Petroleum is the main energy source utilized in the world, but its availability is limited and
the search for new renewable energy sources is of major interest. Biofuels, such as ethanol …

Although biofuels such as biodiesel and bioethanol represent a secure, renewable and
environmentally safe alternative to fossil fuels, their economic viability is a major concern …

Dramatic increases in the price of crude oil, and consequently, transportation fuels, coupled
with increased environmental concerns have resulted in rapid growth in biodiesel …