Currently, there is a growing interest in developing biopesticides and increasing their share
in the plant protection market as sustainable tools in integrated pest management (IPM) …

Background Pollination services provided by solitary bees, the largest group of bees
worldwide, are critical to the vitality of ecosystems and agricultural systems alike …

In many countries, the western honey bee is used as surrogate in pesticide risk assessments
for bees. However, uncertainty remains in the estimation of pesticide risk to non‐Apis bees …

Solitary bees provide essential pollination services for many arable crops, but are prone to
global decline. Agricultural intensification, which is connected with pesticide usage, is …

Solitary bees are receiving increasing attention as they are very effective crop pollinators.
However, widespread implementation of pollination management with solitary bees is …

Risk assessment of pesticides involves ecotoxicological testing. In case pesticide exposure
to bees is likely, toxicity tests are performed with honey bees (Apis mellifera), with a tiered …

Domestic gardens supply pollinators with valuable habitats, but the risk of exposure to
pesticides has been little investigated. Artificial nesting shelters of a red mason bee species …

Currently, only Apis mellifera is used in environmental regulation to evaluate the hazard of
pesticides to pollinators. The low representativeness of pollinators and bee diversity in this …

Plant protection products, including insecticides, are important for global food production but
can have adverse effects on nontarget organisms including bees. Historically, research …

Ectotherms usually require a narrow range of thermal conditions for development; thus,
parental selection of oviposition sites is crucial. In a field experiment, we investigated female …