It is well known that humans describe and think of numbers as being represented in a spatial
configuration, known as the 'mental number line'. The orientation of this representation …

Vertebrate brains display physiological and anatomical left-right differences, which are
related to hemispheric dominances for specific functions. Functional lateralizations likely rely …

Newly hatched domestic chicks were reared with five identical objects. On days 3 or 4,
chicks underwent free-choice tests in which sets of three and two of the five original objects …

In a variety of circumstances animals can represent numerical values per se, although it is
unclear how salient numbers are relative to non-numerical properties. The question is then …

Human adults master sophisticated, abstract numerical calculations that are mostly based
on symbolic language and thus inimitably human. Humans may nonetheless share a subset …

In the Ebbinghaus size illusion, a central circle surrounded by small circles (inducers)
appears bigger than an identical one surrounded by large inducers. Previous studies have …

When animals prefer to make efforts to obtain food instead of acquiring it from freely
available sources, they exhibit what is called contrafreeloading. Recently, individual …

In her comprehensive and carefully crafted book, Gisela Kaplan demonstrates how
intelligent and emotional Australian birds can be. She describes complex behaviours such …

To recognize objects quickly and accurately, mature visual systems build invariant object
representations that generalize across a range of novel viewing conditions (eg, changes in …

Foraging is known to be one of the most important activities in the behavioral budget of
chickens. However, how these animals adapt different foraging strategies to diverse …