Oral bacteria directly affect the disease status of dental caries and periodontal diseases. The
dynamic oral microbiota cooperates with the host to reflect the information and status of …

With the understanding of the complex interaction between the tumour microenvironment
and immunotherapy, there is increasing interest in the role of immune regulators in the …

Abstract Background The presence of Programmed Death-Ligand 1 protein (PD-L1) in oral
squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) may indicate an ability to evade immune response and …

Objectives and background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly malignant
disease with an increasing incidence. The need to improve therapeutic strategies for …

Despite the great success of immunotherapy in a small subset of cancer patients, most
colorectal cancer (CRC) patients do not respond to programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD …

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most common type of cancer, with more than half a
million new cases annually. This review focuses on the role of oral dysbiosis and HPV …

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) can be polarized into antitumoral M1 and
protumoral and immunosuppressive M2 macrophages. This study investigated the clinical …

Head and neck cancer has high heterogeneity with poor prognosis, and emerging
researches have been focusing on the prognostic markers of head and neck cancer. PD-L1 …

This study investigates the relevance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in oral
squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Immunohistochemical analysis of stromal/tumoral CD4+ …

The immune system plays a key role in the protective response against oral cancer;
however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) impairs this anti-cancer response by …