Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common form of chronic liver disease
worldwide. With no Food and Drug Administration approved drugs, current treatment options …

Hepatic, pancreatic, and biliary (HPB) organoids are powerful tools for studying
development, disease, and regeneration. As organoid research expands, the need for clear …

Microphysiology systems (MPS), also called organs-on-chips and tissue chips, are
miniaturized functional units of organs constructed with multiple cell types under a variety of …

Cellular models have created opportunities to explore the characteristics of human diseases
through well-established protocols, while avoiding the ethical restrictions associated with …

Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) is a group of severe inherited disorders
caused by mutations in genes, such as deoxyribonucleoside kinase (DGUOK). A great …

Cholangiopathies, such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, biliary atresia, and
cholangiocarcinoma, have limited experimental models. Not only cholangiocytes but also …

Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) causes one in three market withdrawals due to adverse drug
reactions, causing preventable human suffering and massive financial loss. We applied …

Cell-cell interactions underlay organ formation and function during homeostasis. Changes in
communication between cells and their surrounding microenvironment are a feature of …

The human adult liver has a multi‐cellular structure consisting of large lobes subdivided into
lobules containing portal triads and hepatic cords lined by specialized blood vessels. Vital …

Serving as the metabolic hub of the human body, the liver is a vital organ that performs a
variety of important physiological functions. Although known for its regenerative potential, it …