The binding of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on the surface of T cells and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-
L1) on tumor cells can prevent the immune-killing effect of T cells on tumor cells and …

Simple Summary Acquired resistance to chemotherapy by cancer cells is the predominant
factor in chemotherapy failure, which ultimately leads to disease progression and death …

Background Progranulin (PGRN), as a multifunctional growth factor, is overexpressed in
multiple tumors, but the role of PGRN on tumor immunity is still unclear. Here, we studied the …

Purpose: Regorafenib is synergistic with immune checkpoint inhibition in colorectal cancer
preclinical models. Patients and Methods: This was a single-arm, multicentric phase II trial …

Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the first-line chemotherapy drug for colorectal cancer but most of the
patients get resistant to the drug on a longer course of treatment. After the successful use of …

RhoA is a ubiquitously expressed cytoplasmic protein that belongs to the family of small
GTPases. RhoA acts as a molecular switch that is activated in response to binding of …

Early trials for immune checkpoint inhibitors in sarcomas have delivered mixed results, and
efforts to improve outcomes now look to combinatorial strategies with novel …

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, which ranks third in
terms of incidence and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Metabolic …

The number of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients is increasing worldwide. Accumulating
evidence has shown that the tumor microenvironment (TME), including macrophages …

The number and phenotype of macrophages are closely related to tumor growth and
prognosis. Macrophages are recruited to (and polarized at) the tumor site thereby promoting …