An appreciation of the scale and frequency of climatic oscillations in the past few million
years is modifying our views on how evolution proceeds. Such major events caused …

Trees are key ecosystem engineers. Many analyses of the genetic diversity of forest trees
over substantial parts of their distributional ranges are appearing. These studies are of …

Norway spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) is a broadly distributed European conifer tree whose
history has been intensively studied by means of fossil records to infer the location of full …

The vegetation of the northeast Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau is dominated by alpine meadow
and desert‐steppe with sparse forests scattered within it. To obtain a better understanding of …

The Viridiplantae (green plants) include land plants as well as the two distinct lineages of
green algae, chlorophytes and charophytes. Despite their critical importance for identifying …

The center of diversity is not necessarily the place of origin, as has been established by
many plant molecular phylogenies. Picea is a complicated but very important genus in …

Environment and genetics combine to influence tree growth and should therefore be jointly
considered when evaluating forest responses in a warming climate. Here, we combine …

The disjunct distribution of forests in the Qinghai‐Tibetan Plateau (QTP) and adjacent Helan
Shan and Daqing Shan highlands provides an excellent model to examine vegetation shifts …

Background At the last glacial maximum, Fennoscandia was covered by an ice sheet while
the tundra occupied most of the rest of northern Eurasia. More or less disjunct refugial …

Range‐wide variation of maritime pine was studied at maternally inherited and paternally
inherited markers (mitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA). While chloroplast DNA exhibits …