The 1921 discovery of insulin was a Big Bang from which a vast and expanding universe of
research into insulin action and resistance has issued. In the intervening century, some …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus are common diseases that
often coexist and might act synergistically to increase the risk of hepatic and extra-hepatic …

Siloed or singular system approach to disease management is common practice,
developing out of traditional medical school education. Textbooks of medicine describe a …

Background The liver is a key regulator of systemic energy homeostasis and can sense and
respond to nutrient excess and deficiency through crosstalk with multiple tissues. Regulation …

Glycosylation is the most abundant and complex protein modification, and can have a
profound structural and functional effect on the conjugate. The oligosaccharide fraction is …

The therapeutic efficacy and adverse impacts of nanoparticles (NPs) are strongly dependent
on their systemic circulation time. The corona proteins adsorbed on the NPs determine their …

The liver is known to be involved in the natural history of the ongoing epidemics of type 2
diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In particular, the liver has a role in increased …

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a global and growing health concern. Emerging
evidence points toward metabolic inflammation as a key process in the fatty liver that …

Obesity and type II diabetes are characterized by insulin resistance in peripheral tissues. A
high caloric intake combined with a sedentary lifestyle is the leading cause of these …

The final step of biomineralization is a chemical precipitation reaction that occurs
spontaneously in supersaturated or metastable salt solutions. Genetic programs direct …