Although there has been some progress in the efficacy of anti-cancer drugs, drug resistance
remains challenging. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are self-renewing and differentiate into …

Breast cancer is a prominent cause of cancer diagnosis and death in women globally, with
over 90% of deaths being attributed to complications that arise from metastasis. One of the …

Doxorubicin (DOX) with broad-spectrum antitumor activity has been reported to induce
effective immunogenic cell death (ICD) effect. However, the serious cardiotoxicity and …

The spread of breast cancer to distant sites is the major cause of death in breast cancer
patients. Increasing evidence supports the role of the tumor microenvironment (TME) in …

Cancer stem cells are the key link between malignant tumor progression and drug
resistance. This cell population has special properties that are different from those of …

Breast cancer is most common in women, and in most cases there is no evidence of spread
and the primary tumor is removed, resulting in a 'cure'. However, in 10% to 30% of these …

Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a pivotal role in therapy resistance and tumor relapse,
emphasizing the need for reliable in vitro models that recapitulate the complexity of the CSC …

Oral cancer (OC) presents a significant global health burden with rising incidence rates.
Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatments, the survival rate for OC patients …

Cancer stem cells (CSCs), accounting for only a minor cell proportion (< 1%) within tumors,
have profound implications in tumor initiation, metastasis, recurrence, and treatment …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess regenerative properties and are also considered as
future vaccines. All types of cells secrete EVs; however, the amount of EVs secreted by the …