The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays a pivotal role in regulating
the innate immune system and inflammatory signaling. Upon activation by PAMPs and …

The human microbiota has a fundamental role in host physiology and pathology. Gut
microbial alteration, also known as dysbiosis, is a condition associated not only with …

Neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration often result from the aberrant deposition of
aggregated host proteins, including amyloid‐β, α‐synuclein, and prions, that can activate …

Porphyromonas gingivalis, the keystone pathogen in chronic periodontitis, was identified in
the brain of Alzheimer's disease patients. Toxic proteases from the bacterium called …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a profound loss of dopaminergic neurons in
the substantia nigra, accompanied by chronic neuroinflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction …

The mammalian CNS is an intricate and fragile structure, which on one hand is open to
change in order to store information, but on the other hand is vulnerable to damage from …

The pro-inflammatory immune response driven by microglia is a key contributor to the
pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases. Though the research of microglia …

The complement cascade is a critical effector mechanism of the innate immune system that
contributes to the rapid clearance of pathogens and dead or dying cells, as well as …

These guidelines are a consensus work of a considerable number of members of the
immunology and flow cytometry community. They provide the theory and key practical …

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by sustained neuroinflammation leading to memory
loss and cognitive decline. The past decade has witnessed tremendous efforts in …