This review focuses on how blood flow to contracting skeletal muscles is regulated during
exercise in humans. The idea is that blood flow to the contracting muscles links oxygen in …

It was not until 1984 that women were permitted to compete in the Olympic marathon. Today,
more women than men participate in road racing in all distances except the marathon where …

Sex differences in respiratory function | European Respiratory Society Skip to main content
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Muscular exercise requires transitions to and from metabolic rates often exceeding an order
of magnitude above resting and places prodigious demands on the oxidative machinery and …

Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH) at or near sea level is now recognized to occur
in a significant number of fit, healthy subjects of both genders and of varying ages. Our …

Blood flow (BF) increases with increasing exercise intensity in skeletal, respiratory, and
cardiac muscle. In humans during maximal exercise intensities, 85% to 90% of total cardiac …

During exercise, fatigue is defined as a reversible reduction in force-or power-generating
capacity and can be elicited by “central” and/or “peripheral” mechanisms. During skeletal …

In the healthy, untrained young adult, a case is made for a respiratory system (airways,
pulmonary vasculature, lung parenchyma, respiratory muscles, and neural ventilatory …

It is well established that women exhibit several anatomic and physiologic characteristics
that distinguish their responses to exercise from those of men. These factors have been …

Accumulating evidence over the past 25 years depicts the healthy pulmonary system as a
limiting factor of whole‐body endurance exercise performance. This brief overview …