Dissolved gases produced within engineered anaerobic processes subsequently create a
fugitive emission which can have financial, environmental and health and safety …

The non-judicious use of water at the farm level in traditional irrigation application methods
is a present-day concern across the world that can be resolved by enhancing application …

The hilly terrain modifies the droplet landing positions in comparison to flat ground,
complicating the prediction of sprinkler water distribution on such uneven regions. Utilizing a …

The ballistic model, with its high computational efficiency and small test workload, is an
effective method to simulate the distribution of spray droplets. It can be employed to solve …

Kinetic energy of droplets from big gun sprinklers relates closely to the infiltration process
and soil erosion, as well as severely affects the energy consumption of hose-drawn …

Vertical impact and turbine drive sprinklers are the most widely used high-volume sprinklers
with both solid set spray and hose-drawn traveler irrigator systems. Different mechanical …

Spray sprinklers enable to operate at low pressures (< 103 kPa) in self-propelled irrigation
machines. A number of experiments were performed to characterize the water distribution …

Spray droplet trajectory can often be used to calculate the water and energy distribution of
the nozzle. The spray droplet movement and distribution patterns can greatly contribute to …

Automated variable rate irrigation (VRI) is one of the frontiers for sustainable water use in
agriculture. In this paper, we describe a planning procedure for self-propelled rain gun …

A model that describes the water distribution of a single fixed spray plate sprinkler (FSPS)
based on the harmonic analysis was proposed. The relationship between the pressure …