CTX-M β-lactamases are considered a paradigm in the evolution of a resistance
mechanism. Incorporation of different chromosomal bla CTX-M related genes from different …

Aminoglycosides have been an essential component of the armamentarium in the treatment
of life-threatening infections. Unfortunately, their efficacy has been reduced by the surge and …

In the past decade CTX-M enzymes have become the most prevalent extended-spectrum β-
lactamases, both in nosocomial and in community settings. The insertion sequences (ISs) …

CTX-M enzymes, the plasmid-mediated cefotaximases, constitute a rapidly growing family of
extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) with significant clinical impact. CTX-Ms are found …

The ampicillin‐resistance transposon Tn3is the archetype (“Tn3” being synonymous with
“Tn1” or “Tn2”;(1)) of a large and widespread family of transposons with representatives in …

Enzymatic modification is a prevalent mechanism by which bacteria defeat the action of
antibiotics. Aminoglycosides are often inactivated by aminoglycoside modifying enzymes …

Three kinds of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants have been
discovered and have been shown to be widely distributed among clinical isolates: qnr …

Early after the introduction of the first (narrow spectrum) penicillins into clinical use,
penicillinase-producing staphylococci replaced (worldwide) the previously susceptible …

The explosion in genetic information, whilst extending our knowledge, might not necessary
increase our conceptual understanding on the complexities of bacterial genetics, or why …

Multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii, a common etiologic agent of severe nosocomial
infections in compromised hosts, usually harbors aac (6′)-Ib. This gene specifies …