Apoptosis is an evolutionary conserved homeostatic process involved in distinct
physiological processes including organ and tissue morphogenesis, development and …

The cellular effects of the toxic metal cadmium (Cd) are manifold. A large proportion of the
cellular reactions affected by ionic Cd2+ are mediated by cellular signaling cascades. The …

The detrimental health effects of cadmium (Cd) were first described in the mid 19th century.
As part of industrial developments, increasing usage of Cd has led to widespread …

Incidence and mortality rates of gastrointestinal (GI) and oral cancers are among the highest
in the world, compared to other cancers. GI cancers include esophageal, gastric, colon …

Simple Summary Environmental and occupational exposure to heavy metals are risk factors
for cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of how heavy metals induce …

Today cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the killer number one world wide. In 2004 an
estimated 17.1 million people died due to CVDs and this number will further increase to an …

Endothelial cells play the most important role in construction of the blood–brain barrier.
Many studies have opted to use commercially available, easily transfected or immortalized …

There are several candidate signalling pathways that mediate the response of the central
nervous system (CNS) cells to environmental toxins. However, much is still to be learned on …

Apoptosis, necrosis, or autophagy—it is the mode of cell demise that defines the response of
surrounding cells and organs. In case of one of the most toxic substances known to date …

Cadmium (Cd), a highly ubiquitous toxic heavy metal, can contaminate the environment,
including agricultural soil, water and air, via industrial runoff and other sources of pollution …