Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs), a large class of chemicals that includes high
production volume substances, have been used for decades as antimicrobials …

An unprecedented increase in the use of disinfection products triggered by the coronavirus
disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is resulting in aggravating environmental loads of …

Disinfectants and their mixtures can induce hormesis. However, how the mixture hormesis is
related to those of components and the interactions in disinfectant mixtures remain unclear …

Wound healing is a complicated multicellular process that involves several kinds of cells
including macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, keratinocytes and platelets that are …

SARS-CoV-2 outbreak led to an increased marketing of disinfectants, creating a potential
environmental problem. For instance, pre-pandemic environmental levels of the disinfectant …

Surfactants, many of which are used as detergents, can be found in many common
household items, such as shampoos, conditioners, soaps, and cosmetics. One should …

Quaternary ammonium compounds (eg, benzalkonium chloride (BAC) and cetylpyridinium
chloride (CPC)) constitute a group of cationic surfactants are widely used for personal …

Dry powder inhalers (DPIs) are the first choice for inhalation drug development. However,
some conventional DPI formulation processes require heating, which may damage high …

An increasing microbial resistance to known antibiotics raises a demand for new
antimicrobials. In this study the antimicrobial properties of a series of new N-Alkylpyridinium …

Benzalkonium bromide (BB) has been widely used as a skin antiseptic for wound
management. However, BB had proinflammation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) …