Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease triggered by environmental factors that act
on a genetically susceptible host. It features three clinical stages: a pre-clinical stage …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by central nervous
system (CNS) lesions that can lead to severe physical or cognitive disability as well as …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune demyelinating disease of the
central nervous system. It affects approximately 400,000 people in the United States and …

Background Different therapeutic strategies are available for treatment of multiple sclerosis
(MS) including immunosuppressants, immunomodulators, and monoclonal antibodies. Their …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a potentially disabling chronic autoimmune neurological disease
that mainly affects young adults. Our understanding of the pathophysiology of MS has …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system
(CNS) characterized by destruction of the myelin sheath structure. The loss of myelin leads …

Despite the fact that majority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have relapsing-remitting
disease, many transition to secondary progressive disease (SPMS) over time. This transition …

Background Psoriasis patients carry an increased risk for associated comorbidities.
Dermatologists have to be aware of the effects of systemic treatments not only on psoriasis …

Immune cells undergo different metabolic pathways or immunometabolisms to interact with
various antigens. Immunometabolism links immunological and metabolic processes and is …

Methotrexate (MTX) is primarily used in the treatment of malignancies. It has also been used
as an immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of pemphigus and pemphigoid. The …