Phenylpropanoid metabolism is one of the most important metabolisms in plants, yielding
more than 8,000 metabolites contributing to plant development and plant–environment …

Highlights•New monomers have been discovered, and structural aspects of the lignin
polymer have been refined.•The definition of a lignin monomer has been broadened.• …

The implementation of biorefineries based on lignocellulosic materials as an alternative to
fossil-based refineries calls for efficient methods for fractionation and recovery of the …

Highlights•To date, metabolites from more than 10 different metabolic classes have been
identified as lignin building blocks, totaling 35 monomers.•Despite this flexibility, limitations …

In pursuit of more sustainable and competitive biorefineries, the effective valorisation of
lignin is key. An alluring opportunity is the exploitation of lignin as a resource for chemicals …

The excessive use of petroleum-based non-biodegradable plastic products has resulted in
severe environmental pollution and ecological problems, which has stimulated the …

Lignin is a primary component of lignocellulosic biomass and an underutilized feedstock in
the growing pulping and biofuel industries. Currently, over 50 million tons of industrial lignin …

Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite
its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most …

Biofuel is the presently needed potential energy reservoir as an alternative to wearying fossil
fuel-based technology. Second generation lignocellulose is considered to be the most …

During the past decade, a growing scientific community is eagerly seeking for effective lignin
valorisation approaches. Thought-out utilisation of the world's most abundant resource of bio …