Anxiety is experienced in response to threats that are distal or uncertain, involving changes
in one's subjective state, autonomic responses, and behavior. Defensive and physiologic …

The medial frontal cortex and adjacent orbitofrontal cortex have been the focus of
investigations of decision-making, behavioral flexibility, and social behavior. We review …

Discovering the processes through which early adverse experiences affect children's
nervous-system development, health, and behavior is critically important for developing …

The COVID-19 pandemic has made the world seem less predictable. Such crises can lead
people to feel that others are a threat. Here, we show that the initial phase of the pandemic …

Regulating how fast to learn is critical for flexible behavior. Learning about the
consequences of actions should be slow in stable environments, but accelerate when that …

Previous research has stressed the importance of uncertainty for controlling the speed of
learning, and how such control depends on the learner inferring the noise properties of the …

The recent years have witnessed a dramatic increase in the use of reinforcement learning
(RL) models in social, cognitive and affective neuroscience. This approach, in combination …

Surprising events trigger measurable brain activity and influence human behavior by
affecting learning, memory, and decision-making. Currently there is, however, no consensus …

A host of learning, memory, and decision-making processes form the individual's response
to threat and may be disrupted in anxiety and post-trauma psychopathology. Here we review …

Recently, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) communications gained significant
concentration as a talented technology for future wireless communications using its …