The melanopsin-expressing, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are
a relatively recently discovered class of atypical ganglion cell photoreceptor. These ipRGCs …

The chronic character of chemogenetics has been put forward as one of the assets of the
technique, particularly in comparison to optogenetics. Yet, the vast majority of chemogenetic …

Astrocytes tile the central nervous system and are widely implicated in brain diseases, but
the molecular mechanisms by which astrocytes contribute to brain disorders remain …

Information transfer in the brain relies upon energetically expensive spiking activity of
neurons. Rates of information flow should therefore be carefully optimized, but mechanisms …

Recent developments in chemogenetic approaches to the investigation of brain function
have ushered in a paradigm change in the strategy for drug and behavior research and …

Chemogenetic strategies have emerged as reliable tools for remote control of neuronal
activity. Among these, designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs …

Bipolar disorder (BD) is a mood disorder with genetic and neurobiological underpinnings,
characterized primarily by recurrent episodes of mania and depression, with notable …

Animals engage in intricate action sequences that are constructed during instrumental
learning. There is broad consensus that the basal ganglia play a crucial role in the formation …

Chemogenetics is the process of genetically expressing a macromolecule receptor capable
of modulating the activity of the cell in response to selective chemical ligand. This chapter …

Objective γ‐Aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor subunit gene mutations are
significant causes of epilepsy, which are often accompanied by various neuropsychiatric …