Since the early 1980s, various strains of the gram-negative bacterial pathogen
Pseudomonas syringae have been used as models for understanding plant-bacterial …

Plants cannot avoid being attacked by an almost infinite number of microorganisms and
insects. Consequently, they arm themselves with molecular weapons against their attackers …

Nucleotide-binding, leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) are major immune receptors in
plants and animals. Upon activation, the Arabidopsis NLR protein ZAR1 forms a pentameric …

Bidirectional root–shoot signalling is probably key in orchestrating stress responses and
ensuring plant survival. Here, we show that Arabidopsis thaliana responses to microbial root …

High humidity has a strong influence on the development of numerous diseases affecting
the above-ground parts of plants (the phyllosphere) in crop fields and natural ecosystems …

Plant response to pathogen infection varies within a leaf, yet this heterogeneity is not well
resolved. We expose Arabidopsis to Pseudomonas syringae or mock treatment and profile> …

The Agrobacterium vacuum infiltration method has made it possible to transform Arabidopsis
thaliana without plant tissue culture or regeneration. In the present study, this method was …

It has been suggested that effective defense against biotrophic pathogens is largely due to
programmed cell death in the host, and to associated activation of defense responses …

Abstract Changes in redox status are a conspicuous feature of immune responses in a
variety of eukaryotes,, but the associated signalling mechanisms are not well understood. In …

Microbial entry into host tissue is a critical first step in causing infection in animals and
plants. In plants, it has been assumed that microscopic surface openings, such as stomata …