Study objective This narrative review discusses the anatomy, mechanism of action,
techniques, pharmacology, indications, complications and substitutes for erector spinae …

Given the fast development and increasing clinical relevance of ultrasound guidance for
thoracic paravertebral blockade, this review article strives (1) to provide comprehensive …

Although different injection locations for retrolaminar and erector spinae plane blocks have
been described, the two procedures have a similar anatomical basis. In this cadaveric study …

Purpose The erector spinae plane (ESP) block is an interfascial analgesic technique first
described as an alternative for pain control at the thoracic level. The objective of this …

Purpose Erector spinae plane (ESP) block is an interfascial blockade used in different
clinical scenarios. This study investigated the ventral extent of dye diffusion in ESP block …

Background Thoracic paravertebral block (TPVB) is considered the gold standard for
hemithoracic regional anaesthesia. Erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a new posterior …

Various techniques for regional anesthesia and analgesia of the thorax are currently being
used in clinical practice. A recent international consensus has anatomically classified …

Effective communication and precise navigation within the intricacies of the human body rely
on robust anatomical terminology. Since its creation by the Federative Committee on …

GLOSSARY CT= computed tomography; CTFB= costotransverse foramen block; ES=
epidural space; ESP= erector spinae plane; ESPB= erector spinae plane block; ICS …

Background The optimal modality for postoperative analgesia after uniportal video-assisted
thoracoscopic surgery (UVATS) for the treatment of lung cancer has not yet been …