Reprogrammed metabolism is a hallmark of cancer. However, the metabolic dependency of
cancer, from tumour initiation through disease progression and therapy resistance, requires …

The peptide hormone leptin regulates food intake, body mass, and reproductive function and
plays a role in fetal growth, proinflammatory immune responses, angiogenesis and lipolysis …

Osteoarthritis (OA), characterized by joint malfunction and chronic disability, is the most
common form of arthritis. Clinical and animal experiments reveal that age-related OA is …

Behavioral researchers have increasingly become interested in the idea that chronic, low-
grade inflammation is a pathway through which social and behavioral variables exert long …

The global obesity epidemic is a major contributor to chronic disease and disability in the
world today. Since the discovery of leptin in 1994, a multitude of studies have characterized …

A healthy nutritional state is required for all aspects of reproduction and is signaled by the
adipokine leptin. Leptin acts in a relatively narrow concentration range: too much or too little …

The current global obesity pandemic is the leading cause for the soaring rates of metabolic
diseases, especially diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and non-alcoholic …

Leptin is secreted into the bloodstream by adipocytes and is required for the maintenance of
energy homeostasis and body weight. Leptin deficiency or genetic defects in the …

Abstract The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) is a G protein–coupled, seven-
transmembrane receptor expressed in the brain. Inactivation of this receptor by gene …

Gonadal failure induces bone loss while obesity prevents it. This raises the possibility that
bone mass, body weight, and gonadal function are regulated by common pathways. To test …