Ailanthus altissima (tree of heaven), Simaroubaceae, is an early successional tree, native to
China and North Vietnam, which has become invasive in Europe and on all other continents …

Predation risk is an important factor influencing the distribution of ungulates and their impact
on forest structure. However, simultaneous predation risk by wolves and humans is rarely …

As a result of diverse management policies, densities of red and roe deer have varied
considerably for the last few decades in Europe. Their selective browsing on woody species …

Investigation of gap characteristics and tree regeneration patterns is central for our
understanding of forest dynamics. By integrating aerial photograph analyses and ground …

We examined the influence of the invasive species Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle on the
understory of the Fontainebleau forest, a peri-urban forest of Paris (France), by comparing …

After centuries of range contraction, many megafauna species are recolonizing parts of
Europe. One example is the red deer (Cervus elaphus), which was able to expand its range …

The invasive tree Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (tree of heaven) is considered as an
ecosystem transformer, which alters plant communities in open areas and forests. Nothing is …

Climate change can result in a slow disappearance of forests dominated by less drought-
tolerant native European beech (Fagus sylvatica) and oak species (Quercus spp.) and …

Game species exploitation usually causes an increase in their distribution, further from their
own dispersal potential, but we know too little about the ecological effects that these human …

For several centuries, game management has involved translocations of non-native
individuals of many species to reinforce local native populations. However, there are few …