Difficulties in understanding evolution are often rooted in early childhood, arising from naïve
assumptions and cognitive biases. However, literature reviews mainly focus on school and …

This paper explicates the relationship between biological function and teleology by focusing
not only on difference but also on conceptual overlap. By doing so, this paper is meant to …

Many studies have characterized students' difficulties in understanding and reasoning about
scientific mechanisms. Some of those studies have drawn implications on teaching …

Citizens in all roles need to be able to construct causal explanations of scientific phenomena
and engage in coherent argumentation, supported by evidence and sound reasoning …

In a world facing complex global challenges, citizens around the world need to be able to
engage in scientific reasoning and argumentation supported by evidence. Chemistry …

Instructional explanations have sometimes been described as an ineffective way to teach
science, representing a transmissive view of learning. However, science teachers frequently …

Teleology has been described as an intuitive cognitive bias and as a major type of student
conception. There is controversy regarding whether teleological explanations are a central …

Students possess alternative conceptions of many science topics, and these conceptions
can act as obstacles for learning scientific concepts. In the field of biology education …

One of the core practices of science is constructing scientific explanations. However,
numerous studies have shown that constructing scientific explanations poses significant …

Background In science, mechanistic explanations play a crucial role in elucidating
phenomena, highlighting the significance of mechanistic reasoning in science education …