Mineral replacement reactions are one of the most important phenomena controlling the
geochemical cycle of elements on Earth. In the early years, solid-state diffusion was …

The fluid-driven transformation of chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2) into Cu-rich sulfides (eg, digenite,
Cu 1.8 S; covellite, CuS; and chalcocite, Cu 2 S) is a complex mineral replacement reaction …

Pyrite is the most abundant metal sulfide in the Earth's crust and is also found on Mars. It can
form by direct hydrothermal precipitation or by polymorphic phase transformation from …

Zinc is currently extracted from sphalerite (ZnS) by either sintering-smelting or roasting-
leaching. These high-temperature processes produce environmentally hazardous sulfur …

Galena and chalcopyrite pose challenges in their separation owing to their similar surface
chemistry. The flotation separation of galena and chalcopyrite significantly depends on the …

Efficient extraction of zinc from polymetallic concentrates is crucial for the metallurgical
industry. Traditional leaching techniques often rely on strong oxidizing agents, which can be …

An intensified Bayer process (high temperature, high pressure, and high alkalinity) was used
to recover Al 2 O 3 to prepare nano-layer-structure Al 2 O 3 powders using Al 2 O 3 …

High gold-containing material (HGCM) is the product of waste printed circuit boards
(WPCBs) by pyrometallurgy and electrolytic refining. This paper proposes a mixing method …

A flow-through reaction cell has been developed for studying minerals leaching by in-situ
time-resolved powder X-ray diffraction, allowing for a better understanding of the leaching …

Pseudomorphic mineral replacement reactions occur in numerous geological processes (eg
metamorphism, metasomatism, ore deposition, and chemical weathering) and …