A group of European experts was commissioned to establish guidelines on the therapeutic
use of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) from evidence published up until …

Tinnitus is a considered to be an auditory phantom phenomenon, a persistent conscious
percept of a salient memory trace, externally attributed, in the absence of a sound source. It …

The majority of tinnitus patients are affected by chronic idiopathic tinnitus, and almost 60
different treatment modalities have been reported. The present study is a multidisciplinary …

Objective: Classical neuromodulation applies current to the nervous system in an attempt to
alter ongoing activity. However, classical neuromodulation interferes with activity but does …

Tinnitus, usually associated with hearing loss, is characterized by the perception of sound
without an external sound source. The pathophysiology of tinnitus is poorly understood. In …

The pathophysiology underlying tinnitus, a hearing disorder characterized by the chronic
perception of phantom sound, has been related to aberrant plastic reorganization of the …

Tinnitus is the perception of a sound in the absence of an external sound stimulus. This
phantom sound has been related to plastic changes and hyperactivity in the auditory cortex …

Transcranial stimulation can be used to modulate the activity of the brain. Recent
developments in our understanding of technologies such as transcranial magnetic or …

Neuroimaging studies of tinnitus suggest the involvement of wide-spread neural networks
for perceptual, attentional, memory, and emotional processes encompassing auditory …

A nearly endless number of procedures has been tried and in particular sold for the
treatment of tinnitus, unfortunately they have not been evaluated appropriately in an …