Graviola (Annona muricata) is a small deciduous tropical evergreen fruit tree, belonging to
the Annonaceae family, and is widely grown and distributed in tropical and subtropical …

The specifically regulated restrictive permeability barrier to cells and molecules is the most
important feature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The aim of this review was to summarize …

During the research and development of new drugs directed at the central nervous system,
there is a considerable attrition rate caused by their hampered access to the brain by the …

Increasing data demonstrate that cellular cross-contamination, misidentified cell lines, and
the use of cultures at high-passage levels contribute to the generation of erroneous and …

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is an active interface between the circulation and the central
nervous system (CNS) with a dual function: the barrier function restricts the transport from …

Endothelial cells (EC) are currently used as in vitro model systems for various physiological
and pathological processes, especially in angiogenesis research. Primary EC have a limited …

While transport processes for amino acids and glucose have long been known to be
expressed in the luminal and abluminal membranes of the endothelium comprising the …

The aim of the present study was to identify a model for the blood–brain barrier based on the
use of a continuous cell line, and to investigate the specificity of this model. A set of test …

Heme oxygenase-1, an enzyme degrading heme to carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin,
has been recognized as playing a crucial role in cellular defense against stressful …

Endothelial cell lines are commonly used in in vitro studies to avoid problems associated
with the use of primary endothelial cells such as the presence of contaminating cells, the …