The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are core steps of
various energy conversion and storage systems. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics …

This Review provides an overview of the emerging concepts of catalysts, membranes, and
membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) for water electrolyzers with anion-exchange …

Green hydrogen is obtained by electrochemical water splitting using electricity converted
from renewable energy sources. When green hydrogen undergoes combustion, it produces …

Iridium-based electrocatalysts remain the only practical anode catalysts for proton exchange
membrane (PEM) water electrolysis, due to their excellent stability under acidic oxygen …

Discovery of earth-abundant electrocatalysts to replace iridium for the oxygen evolution
reaction (OER) in a proton exchange membrane water electrolyzer (PEMWE) represents a …

Hydrogen energy is an important cornerstone for realizing net-zero and sustainable
development plans. The successful construction of a hydrogen society requires …

Rational design efficient transition metal-based electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution
reaction (OER) is critical for water splitting. However, industrial water-alkali electrolysis …

The electron‐transfer process during the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) often either
proceeds solely via a metal redox chemistry (adsorbate evolution mechanism (AEM), with …

Dynamic reconstruction of catalyst active sites is particularly important for metal oxide-
catalyzed oxygen evolution reaction (OER). However, the mechanism of how vacancy …

Electrochemical splitting of water is an appealing solution for energy storage and conversion
to overcome the reliance on depleting fossil fuel reserves and prevent severe deterioration …