While water is a key resource required to sustain life, freshwater sources and aquifers are
being depleted at an alarming rate. As a mitigation strategy, saline water desalination is …

Membrane distillation (MD) is a separation process based on the vapor transport across the
hydrophobic microporous membrane driven by the vapor pressure gradient across the …

Wastewater nutrient recovery holds promise for more sustainable water and agricultural
industries. We critically review three emerging membrane processes–forward osmosis (FO) …

Nitrogen recovery is the next step in the improvement of the wastewater treatment process,
utilizing this important nutrient for fertilizers to decrease use of energy, petrochemicals, and …

Alternative domestic wastewater treatment processes that recover energy and nutrients
while achieving acceptable nutrient limits (< 5 mg NL− 1) are a key challenge. Major drivers …

Fouling and wetting of membranes are significant concerns that can impede the widespread
application of the membrane distillation (MD) process during high-salinity wastewater …

The growing global population's demand for ammonium has triggered an increase in its
supply, given that ammonium plays a crucial role in fertilizer production for the purpose of …

Technologies to recover nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium from waste streams have
undergone accelerated development in the past decade, predominantly due to a surge in …

Throughout the 20th century, the prevailing approach toward nitrogen management in
municipal wastewater treatment was to remove ammonium by transforming it into dinitrogen …

The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the vacuum membrane distillation
(VMD) process in regard to its advantages, disadvantages and miscellaneous …