In biological control programs, the provision of additional food is regarded as one of the
most useful tools for species conservation and pest management. In a system, providing …

In nature, vigilance is a common anti-predator strategy prey individuals employ to protect
themselves from a possible attack. It gives them sufficient time to take cover or flee. Yet this …

We report the existence of periodic structures viz., Arnold tongues, and shrimp-shaped
structures in the transitional and chaotic regimes in bi-parameter spaces of a predator–prey …

Aside from humans, the instinct to run and hide from dangerous situations is ingrained in
individuals of many other species. Taking refuge is a very common precautionary strategy …

The environmental characteristics of a biological system are imbibed in some particular
parameters of that system. Significant changes in any system parameter exert influence on …

We numerically investigate the complex dynamic behavior of a single-species population
model with stage structure, considering the influence of the birth rate and birth pulse …

This paper investigates the dynamics of a tritrophic food chain model incorporating an Allee
effect, sexually reproductive generalist top predators, and Holling type IV and Beddington …

The relationship between predator and prey in mathematical ecology is a fundamental
natural occurrence that significantly impacts community organization and the preservation of …

A discrete Bazykin predator–prey model with predator intraspecific interactions and ratio-
dependent functional response is proposed and investigated. A brief mathematical analysis …

Random noise pervades ecosystems and has the potential for having major impacts on the
growth processes of pest populations. In this paper, we aim to investigate the impact of …