Autoimmune diseases are usually complex and multifactorial, characterized by aberrant
production of autoreactive immune cells and/or autoantibodies against healthy cells and …

Twin studies are powerful tools to discriminate whether a complex disease is due to genetic
or environmental factors. High concordance rates among monozygotic (MZ) twins support …

Genetics and environmental factors have important roles in autoimmune diseases but
neither has given us sufficient understanding of these mysterious diseases. Therefore, we …

Lupus is a chronic, autoimmune multisystem inflam-matory disease that is associated with
sizable morbidity and mortality. 1 When lupus commences in an individual less than 18 …

The pathogenic origin of autoimmune diseases can be traced to both genetic susceptibility
and epigenetic modifications arising from exposure to the environment. Epigenetic …

B cells have a critical role in the initiation and acceleration of autoimmune diseases,
especially those mediated by autoantibodies. In the peripheral lymphoid system, mature B …

The search for lupus biomarkers to diagnose, monitor, stratify, and predict individual
response to therapy is currently more intense than ever before. This effort is essential for …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystemic, autoimmune disease,
encompassing either mild or severe manifestations. SLE was originally labeled as being an …

Although it has been proved that the epigenetic modification of DNA and histones is
involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there is no study to …

Abstract Purpose of Review Systemic lupus erythematosus is a severe autoimmune/
inflammatory condition of unknown pathophysiology. Though genetic predisposition is …